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Concentración de receptores con residuos de ácido siálico en glándula mamaria de vacas lecheras explicaría la alta concentración de virus influenza (H5N1) en la leche. Concentração de receptores com resíduos de ácido siálico na glândula mamária de vacas leiteiras explicaria a alta concentração do vírus influenza (H5N1) no leite. 11 de mayo 2024.

The avian and human influenza A virus receptors sialic acid (SA)-α2,3 and SA-α2,6 are widely expressed in the bovine mammary glandAn outbreak of H5N1 highly pathogenic influenza A virus (HPIAV) has been detected in dairy cows in the United States. Influenza A virus (IAV) is a negative-sense, single-stranded, RNA virus that has not previously been associated with widespread infection in cattle. As such, cattle are an extremely under-studied domestic IAV host species. IAV receptors on host cells are sialic acids (SAs) that are bound to galactose in either an α2,3 or α2,6 linkage. Human IAVs preferentially bind SA-α2,6 (human receptor), whereas avian IAVs have a preference for α2,3 (avian receptor). The avian receptor can further be divided into two receptors: IAVs isolated from chickens generally bind more tightly to SA-α2,3-Gal-β1,4 (chicken receptor), whereas IAVs isolated from duck to SA-α2,3-Gal-β1,3 (duck receptor). We found all receptors were expressed, to a different degree, in the mammary gland, respiratory tract, and cerebrum of beef and/or dairy cattle. The duck and human IAV receptors were widely expressed in the bovine mammary gland, whereas the chicken receptor dominated the respiratory tract. In general, only a low expression of IAV receptors was observed in the neurons of the cerebrum. These results provide a mechanistic rationale for the high levels of H5N1 virus reported in infected bovine milk and show cattle have the potential to act as a mixing vessel for novel IAV generation. Graphical abstract Created with [Biorender.com][1] ![Figure][2]</img> ### Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. [1]: http://Biorender.com [2]: pending:yes

Recientes brotes de influenza en ganado abre cuestionamientos sobre el uso de cama de aves en la alimentación

La reciente aparición de brotes de influenza aviar en bovinos de Estados Unidos de América, abre nuevas perspectivas epidemiológicas con respecto al uso de desechos originados en la industria avícola. El problema actual es que aún no se ha podido detectar el origen de la infección aunque probablemente ello sea mediante contacto con aves. Sin embargo, se debe analizar una práctica estándar de "reciclaje" empleada por miles de agricultores en muchas partes del mundo, alimentar con desechos y partes de animales al ganado criado para consumo humano (Conocido como cama de aves). Sin embargo, hasta esta fecha no existe evidencia de transmisión mediante esta vía, pero no se puede descartar. Mas información en: https://phys.org/news/2024-04-avian-flu-outbreak-disturbing.html